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Category: books

AUTOCRACY INC, Anne Applebaum 

Many of the propagandists of Autocracy, Inc., have learned from the mistakes of the twentieth century. They don’t offer their fellow citizens a vision of utopia, and they don’t inspire them to build a better world. Instead, they teach people to be cynical and passive, because there is no better world to build. Their goal is to persuade people to mind their own business, stay out of politics, and never hope for a democratic alternative: Our state may be corrupt, but everyone else is corrupt too. You may not like our leader, but the others are worse. You may not like our society, but at least we are strong and the democratic world is weak, degenerate, divided, dying.

A short grim book. It details how the world’s tyrants have formed a kind of dark web that insulates them against actions by liberal democracies, including the economic weapons derailed in CHOKEPOINTS. It’s grim reading – Applebaum is a coldly angry writer. There aren’t any laughs. But the details are really interesting.

In 2023, the FBI arrested two people for operating an illegal Chinese “police station” in New York City, a set of offices used by Chinese security officers to monitor Chinese citizens and dissidents. The Dutch government says it has uncovered two illegal Chinese police stations in the Netherlands as well, and there are accounts and rumors of others.

Love the detail of it, hating all the horror stories – including the Chinse cyber influence op that caused a social media mob that led a Taiwanese diplomat to kill himself. It’s important reading, but not happy reading.

Like the founders of so many other successful start-ups, the original investors in Wagner’s African operation appear to be contemplating the creation of a franchise. A team from Britain’s Royal United Services Institute has described the current Russian offer to sitting dictators and would-be dictators as a “regime survival package.” This bundle of aid can include personal protection for the dictator; violent assaults on his political enemies; help in fighting an insurgency; broadcast or social media campaigns that echo the themes of multipolarity and anticolonialism; kleptocratic contacts that help the elite hide money (and possibly benefit the Russians as well).

AUTOCRACY INC, Anne Applebaum (UK) (US+)

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THE PASSENGER, Cormac McCarthy

A pox upon you. You’re a pack of mudheaded bigots who loathe excellence on principle and though one might cordially wish you all in hell still you wont go. You and your nauseating get. Granted, if everyone I wished in hell were actually there they’d have to send to Newcastle for supplementary fuel. I’ve made ten thousand concessions to your ratfuck culture and you’ve yet to make the first to mine.

THE PASSENGER is unexpected. It’s the funniest McCarthy I’ve ever read – like he sat down, cracked his knuckle and said, fuck you, Pynchon, DeLillo and all your crowd, this is the real music. The book is, by turns, fucking hilarious, tragic, scary, fascinating, heartbreaking and just plain weird.

The Kid was at the window looking out at the raw cold. The snowy park and the frozen lake beyond. Well, he said. Life. What can you say? It’s not for everybody.

Bobby Western is a deep sea diver who’s hired to survey a sunken passenger plane. When he gets inside it, he finds one passenger and the plane’s navigational console missing. You think you’re getting a conspiracy thriller. You’re not. The missing person and the missing navigational gear are the metaphor. This is the story of a man who lost his way, and a man who was in love with his sister: a genius mathematician with severe mental issues who killed herself. This is all sometime in the early 1980s.

Just his daily list of things to do. Pick up cleaning. Call mother. Fuck chickens.

Occasionally, conspiracy thriller tropes rise – and, strangely, whenever they do, the book loses juice. I have seen that people were unhappy that this is essentially a plotless novel. Do not listen to them. This is a book about spooky action at a distance. It is a book of encounters and conversations on a dizzying array of topics, and those conversations are so compelling that you won’t want a conventional plot.

Sometimes you get the sense that McCarthy believes the Twentieth Century actually ended in the 1980s and we just didn’t notice.

I should also note that the Western’s father worked with Oppenheimer on the bomb, and that plays into a lot of what happens.

They carried their skin bundled up in their arms before them like wash that it not drag in the rubble and ash and they passed one another mindlessly on their mindless journeyings over the smoking afterground, the sighted no better served than the blind.

It is intercut with the experiences of his lost sister, Alice, with her cohort of recurring hallucinations. These two threads tangle together towards the end in an entirely surprising way. It is, in lots of ways, a novel of the unexpected, but also one of circularity and inevitability. It had me riveted, and I think it’s a small final triumph, the perfect descending note at the end of an amazing life.

THE PASSENGER, Cormac McCarthy (UK) (US+)

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YOU DREAMED OF EMPIRES, Álvaro Enrigue

During victory marches, captured enemy warriors walked along as proudly as they could – death by sacrifice guaranteed prosperity in the afterlife – but with their hearts in their throats: dying on the sacrifice stone was no picnic, and before getting there they sometimes had to spend months in a cage in the yard of the warrior who had captured them. With white-lipped stares, their eyes darting reflexively here and there, they would watch the crowd waving their little flags and tossing flowers, imagining that eventually one of these bastards would buy a strip of warrior arm or loin in the marketplace to eat in magic tomato salsa on a tostada.

Hernan Cortes and his ragged little conquistadore army shamble into Tenoxtitlan in the year 1519, to discover an alien world ruled over by Moctezuma, a tired and hallucinogen-addled king of a culture run on blood and drugs.

…the reason his office had invested so much in these rituals was that the Tenochca believed in them – or pretended to believe because they brought wealth to Tenoxtitlan, gave the world solidity, and permitted the flow of magic mushrooms and vision-inducing cacti that made life tolerable in a city where everyone worked without cease.

Sometime a little too meta for its own good – the foreword seems to go on forever and it’s too gleeful in pulling its own ending apart – but when it’s focused, which is much of the book, it’s great. These last days of the Aztec Empire are imagined in dirty detail, an experimental meta-historical fiction that roams across many different aspects of the culture and the players, giving a good deal of depth and grain to its lessons.

The priests did as they liked – Moctezuma had given them too much power – and now they could scarcely put two and two together, afflicted with the shakes from excess consumption of leg of sacrificial victim, and high as kites from stuffing themselves with mushrooms, cacti and magic tomatoes.

It does frequently go nuts, by the way. This is one of the moments where the metaness works:

I love this room, said Moctezuma, you can’t imagine how I miss being a priest. Where there were splotches of blood, he saw sprays of flowers. The withered fingers of the hands of great warriors sacrificed during the year’s festivals swayed pleasingly like the branches of a small tree to the beat of some music he couldn’t place, though in a possible future we would have recognised it. It was T. Rex’s ‘Monolith’.

Don’t think you know how it ends – it wanders a little into alternate history possibilities at a couple of points, but the author sets things up so his story-within-the-story both lands, and lands feasibly enough to be pleasing.

By turns deeply interesting, really funny and absolutely fucking chilling, this is a real ride of a book. Don’t worry too much about the fake foreword thing – the book is careful enough in its writing that you won’t miss much by just skimming it and getting on to the human meat of the book.

YOU DREAMED OF EMPIRES, Álvaro Enrigue (UK) (US+)

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HERESY: JESUS CHRIST AND THE OTHER SONS OF GOD, Catherine Nixey

Even when Jesus was small, the villagers realized there was something unusual about him. Perhaps it was because he showed a certain confidence – bordering on arrogance – in the way he spoke to adults. Or perhaps it was due to the way his parents, Mary and Joseph, treated him: with a respect that at times seemed to verge on anxiety. Or perhaps it was because he killed people.

Jesus was passing through his village when another small boy ran past and bumped him on the shoulder. It may have been an accident; it may not. Either way, Jesus was once again angered and uttered an ominously oblique curse. ‘You shall not go further on your way.’ His meaning became clear a moment later: the little boy fell down dead. These are the words of the Infancy Gospel of Thomas.

This is the story of very early Christianity, the things it took from to build itself, and the various versions of it that circulated back then. It’s an eye-opener.

…one ancient telling of the Nativity includes a Mary whose vagina can, and at one point does, roast human flesh. The text that contains this tale is in many ways very beautiful. At the moment of the birth of Jesus, the world quite literally stops turning: birds are stilled in mid-air; a shepherd who has raised his arm to strike his sheep becomes frozen, arm aloft; even the stars pause their nightly procession across the sky. Then, shortly after the birth of Jesus, a woman arrives at the familiar Nativity scene, with its ox and its ass, and – in a slightly less familiar twist to this story – inserts her hand into Mary’s vagina to test whether she really is a virgin. The woman’s hand is immediately burned off. ‘Woe,’ says the woman, as well she might.

And it’s that gospel from which we get the ox and the ass present at the Nativity. The gospels, odes and acts that didn’t make it into what we now know as the New Testament are really weird.

I’ve had this in the pile for a while, but, what with the recent missed Rapture and Peter Thiel apparently preaching about the Antichrist in a four-day closed conference the other week, I thought perhaps it was time I picked it up. Christianity had a long and strange journey, its story has been heavily edited over the millennia, and this is a book of what was left on the cutting-room floor.

As Robert Bellarmine, a sixteenth-century cardinal, Jesuit and inquisitor, put it, ‘I myself hardly ever read a book without feeling in the mood to give it a good censoring.’

Nixey is a terrific writer – I started reading her THE DARKENNG AGE years ago, but, honestly, it was so fucking sad I had to put it down again. This is a slightly less harrowing read, a little funnier (if darkly), and endlessly fascinating. Very recommended.

Also, this:

This, then, is a book about heresy and about how beliefs and ideas are violently silenced. But it is also about the ways in which people silence themselves. It is about the far more insidious ways in which things become first unwritable, then unsayable and finally unthinkable.

HERESY: JESUS CHRIST AND THE OTHER SONS OF GOD, Catherine Nixey (UK) (US+)

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Laszlo Krasznahorkai

Laszlo Krasznahorkai has won the Nobel Prize in Literature today, proving that the arc of the universe does sometimes bend towards justice. I’ve made various notes about his work over the years here, and here are some of them:

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CHOKEPOINTS, Edward Fishman

CHOKEPOINTS by Edward Fishman was really bloody good. It’s the story of how the US began to develop and deploy economic weapons – identifying chokepoints in other countries’ economies and strangling them. They did it to Iran, for example, and it worked really well. Economic weapons were very powerful warfighting tools right up until Putin went all the way into Ukraine.

…the Russian government underestimated the severity of the sanctions it would face. And deterrence can’t work if your adversary underestimates your ability or willingness to act.

if it’s true that sanctions could never have deterred Putin, the West would have been better served by weakening Russia’s economy as much as possible before the invasion. The G7’s costliest error was to defer serious discussion of oil sanctions until after the war began, at which point it took nearly ten months to implement the price cap and the EU oil embargo.

And now we’re in a multipolar world again, deglobalising, and these weapons are going to stop working. The book is a wonderfully readable primer on economic weapons, where they came from, and where we’re heading now that they’ve been used.

We don’t yet know when the Age of Economic Warfare will end, but we can envision how. The trade-offs facing policymakers in Washington, Beijing, Brussels, and Moscow can be thought of as an impossible trinity consisting of economic interdependence, economic security, and geopolitical competition. Any two of these can coexist but not all three.

Don’t be put off by the list of acronyms in the front. I didn’t have to refer to it once, because Fishman takes pains all the way through to keep clarity and context. It is a really well written book, very readable, very well structured, very recommended.

CHOKEPOINTS, Edward Fishman (UK) (US+)

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SOLUTION OPPORTUNTIES: FOR IAIN SINCLAIR AT 80

I got this a full year ago and apparently didn’t note it here. I picked it up from the LRB Bookshop, and it’s sold out now, but I imagine copies are floating around out there.

A unique tribute to a remarkable writer, film-maker and walker, in an edition of only 400 numbered copies – each signed by Iain Sinclair – this 192 page A4 illustrated publication features over 170 contributors, including Peter Ackroyd, Caroline Bergvall, Keggie Carew, William Gibson, Xiaolu Guo, Philip Hoare, Toby Jones, Stewart Lee, Esther Leslie, Rachel Lichtenstein, Robert Macfarlane, Jonathan Meades, Dave McKean, Michael Moorcock, Alan Moore, J.H. Prynne, Denise Riley and Marina Warner.

Featuring original essays, poems, images, letters and reflection from writers, artists, musicians, publishers, friends, critics, booksellers and readers, it is not only a celebration of a unique body of work but also a de-facto history of the last 60 years in experimental literature and culture.

I’m sure much to his horror, Iain Sinclair has become a British cultural touchstone. I remember discovering WHITE CHAPPELL, SCARLET TRACINGS around the age of 19 and being knocked flat by the thing. You have to remember, I’ve spent most of my life living an hour from London, and half my family came from the East End, and so Sinclair’s London rites and quests spoke very directly to the mists of my history.

Iain is a British writer, documentarist, film maker, poet, flaneur, metropolitan prophet and urban shaman, keeper of lost cultures and futurologist.

The son of a Welsh GP, Iain studied in Dublin before moving to London with his wife. His early work was self-published, and he worked as a teacher and labourer while researching occult aspects of the city’s past.

If you’ve read the entire LEAGUE OF EXTRAORDINARY GENTLEMEN cycle, you’ve met Sinclair – he is Norton, the prisoner-ghost of London. His influence stretches across all the back streets of the London-adjacent writers’ work and all who look for magic in the urban ancient.

Of his later work, I would also recommend AMERICAN SMOKE, which takes him out of London, much to his benefit.

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TRUSS AT 10: HOW NOT TO BE PRIME MINISTER, Anthony Seldon

Liz Truss’ chief of staff, Mark Fullbrook, had contacted me about my work on how to characterize and optimize successful premierships. Here, after forty years of writing about Prime Ministers, was my first opportunity actually to shape a premiership. To my dismay and discomfort, she took almost all of my advice on board, by design or, almost certainly, by accident.


Sir Anthony Seldon, be warned, comes off as something of an arrogant prick in the foreword. He has a long and storied reputation as a historian, educator and author, and so can be forgiven some of his tone due to his achievements, which include several best-selling books about successive British Prime Ministers. This is his book on Liz Truss’ time in Number 10, and I find this book’s title delicious.

At the conclusion of one meeting, towards the end of August, Hope passed a note to a senior Cabinet Office official: ‘No way you can do this politically. It would mean not hitting the 20k increase to the police force, massive real terms cuts to the NHS, breaking the “triple lock” on pensions, not delivering on the AUKUS pact [trilateral security agreement with the USA and Australia], schools falling in, the Defence Secretary and Home Secretary resigning.’ For good measure, he added, ‘It’s f**king mental.’


It is a mildly venal and painfully hard look at Liz Truss’ forty-odd days as a disaster of a Prime Minister and all the things she could have done differently. In many ways, she was hobbled from the start, by events and, in common with Rishi Sunak, all the charisma and political acumen of a lumpfish. But it’s not unfair to say she made the worst possible fist of it, and this little knife of a book probes into all the ways she fucked it up.

Seldon makes attempts to be fair, or at least empathetic, but, um..

Placing the spotlight on her personal journey up from comprehensive school, in contrast to rich public schoolboy Sunak, invited a focus on her personality and intellect, neither of which she was capable of sustaining.

It’s an illuminating, slightly gossipy book, exhaustively sourced and probably a very fitting capstone for the radioactive dump of her brief reign.

HOW NOT TO BE PRIME MINISTER (UK) (US+)

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THE MANIAC, Benjamin Labatut

He seemed almost like he was doing his best impression of the way a regular human being walked, but having never seen one before.

Labutut’s recent speciality is fanciful fictional biographies of real scientists. He very much bends the boundaries between novel, essay, reportage and invention, and, as in his previous book, WHEN WE CEASE TO UNDERSTAND THE WORLD, you didn’t always know which was which and what was happening. It was an excellent book.

This one zeroes in on John von Neumann, and is told in a series of statements by the people who knew him. All of which is invented, although the bare biographical elements and timeline are true. Like I said: a fictional biography. And it’s just brilliant.

Von Neumann was one of the scientific/mathematical prodigies of the 20th Century, with a deeply conflicted legacy – initiating our digital world, but using those tools to ensure the hydrogen bomb worked. And the device he used to do that, he named the Mathematical Analyzer Numerical Integrator and Automatic Computer. The MANIAC. And a maniac is how the genius von Neumann is presented – an alien child.

Superbly written – each chapter is its own little story of him, and some of them are fully eerie. Very recommended.

THE MANIAC (UK) (US+)

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THE LAST WOLF (And HERMAN), Laszlo Krasznahorkai

He secured the entrance of the path from the highway to the forest with a so-called Selbstschuss consisting of two fire-arms with reversed locks aimed horizontally at each other, affixed at chest height in a bush on each side of the path, with the triggers connected by a length of strong, transparent fishing line, so that when someone unsuspecting intended to turn into the woods and reached and triggered the line the Mannlichers would go off and the victim would execute himself. This “Selbstschuss” was originally used for big game, primarily bears, but of course Herman had other targets in mind.

A slim collection of three stories. The first, THE LAST WOLF, is one of old Laszlo’s single endless sentence jobs, played primarily for laughs and cringe through the first half, and then descending into his regular trick of using that form to inform a story of compulsion and obsession. There’s a tender little idea at the end of it.

The love of animals is the one true love in which one is never disappointed.

The last two stories are in fact the same story told from two different perspectives, thematically related to THE LAST WOLF, combining to create something of a cautionary tale about solitude, self-mythology, gossip and legend.

More of a curiosity than an essential Krasznahorkai, but time spent reading him is never wasted.

THE LAST WOLF (UK) (US+)

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